Quick guide:

• What’s happening with the baby at 31 weeks pregnant?

• How big is your baby at 31 weeks pregnant?

• How is your belly at 31 weeks pregnant?

• Common symptoms and how to manage them?

• Frequently asked questions at 31 weeks pregnant

What’s happening with the baby at 31 weeks pregnant?

Fattening up

Your baby is accumulating much-needed fat under their skin, which helps regulate body temperature after birth. This fat also gives their body a plumper, more newborn-like appearance.

Movement milestones

Your baby is now capable of stretching, kicking, and even performing somersaults. These active movements, while sometimes uncomfortable, are reassuring signs of a healthy and active baby.

Breathing preparation

Although your baby’s lungs are still maturing, they are progressing rapidly. The production of surfactant, a substance that helps keep the lungs inflated, is increasing. However, they won’t be fully ready for air breathing until around 36 weeks.

Brain development

Your baby’s brain is growing significantly, tripling in weight during the last trimester. The cerebrum is developing deep grooves to maximize surface area, aiding in advanced brain function.

How big is your baby at 31 weeks pregnant?

At 31 weeks, your baby is about the size of a coconut, measuring approximately 42 cm from head to toe and weighing around 1.75 kilograms.

Your baby is rapidly gaining weight as they accumulate fat under their skin, which will help regulate their body temperature after birth. Over the next few weeks, they’ll continue to grow in length and gain weight to prepare for life outside the womb.

How is your belly at 31 weeks pregnant?

At 31 weeks, your belly is likely larger and more pronounced as your baby continues to grow rapidly. The top of your uterus now sits about 10 cm above your belly button, and you may notice your skin feeling tight or itchy due to stretching.

Common symptoms and how to manage them?

1) Braxton Hicks contractions

Mild, irregular tightening of the uterus may occur as your body prepares for labor. These “practice contractions” are typically painless but can feel uncomfortable.

How to manage:

• Stay hydrated; dehydration can trigger Braxton Hicks.

• Rest or change positions if the contractions feel bothersome.

• Take a warm bath or practice relaxation techniques to ease discomfort.

• If the contractions become regular or painful, contact your healthcare provider, as they could be a sign of preterm labor.

2) Back pain

As your belly grows, the strain on your back increases, leading to lower back pain or pelvic discomfort.

How to manage:

• Practice good posture and avoid standing or sitting for long periods.

• Wear supportive shoes and avoid high heels.

• Use a pregnancy pillow or belly band for additional support.

• Try gentle exercises like walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga to strengthen your back muscles.

3) Frequent urination

The pressure from your uterus on your bladder might make you feel like you need to pee constantly.

How to manage:

• Avoid drinking large amounts of fluids right before bedtime.

• Practice pelvic floor exercises (like Kegels) to strengthen bladder control.

• Speak to your provider if you notice pain or burning, as it could indicate a UTI.

4) Leaky breasts

You may notice a yellowish fluid, colostrum, leaking from your nipples as your body prepares for breastfeeding.

How to manage:

• Use nursing pads in your bra to absorb leaks and prevent stains.

• Rest assured this is a normal part of pregnancy and varies from person to person.

5) Trouble sleeping

Finding a comfortable position to sleep with your growing belly can be challenging. Restlessness, frequent bathroom trips, or anxiety may disrupt your sleep.

How to manage:

• Sleep on your side (preferably left) with a pregnancy pillow for support.

• Avoid caffeine and heavy meals before bedtime.

• Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or meditation.

6) Sciatica pain

Sharp pain radiating down your lower back, buttocks, and legs is common as your baby’s position puts pressure on the sciatic nerve.

How to manage:

• Use warm compresses or take warm baths to soothe discomfort.

• Practice gentle stretches or pelvic tilts to relieve nerve pressure.

• Speak to your provider if the pain is severe or persistent.

7) Constipation and hemorrhoids

Pregnancy hormones slow digestion, and the pressure on your bowels can lead to constipation or hemorrhoids.

How to manage:

• Drink plenty of water and eat high-fiber foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

• Engage in light physical activity to promote digestion.

• Talk to your provider about safe stool softeners or topical treatments for hemorrhoids.

8) Shortness of breath

As your uterus expands, it pushes against your diaphragm, making it harder to breathe deeply.

How to manage:

• Sit up straight to give your lungs more room to expand.

• Sleep propped up with extra pillows if you feel breathless lying flat.

• Take breaks and avoid overexerting yourself.

Frequently asked questions at 31 weeks pregnant

Can my baby survive if born at 31 weeks?

Yes, babies born at 31 weeks have a high survival rate, often exceeding 95%, thanks to advancements in neonatal care. However, they may require time in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to support their lungs, temperature regulation, and feeding.

Is it normal to feel fewer baby movements at this stage?

While baby movements may feel different due to limited space in the womb, you should still notice regular kicks, stretches, or rolls. If you feel a significant decrease in movement, contact your healthcare provider immediately to ensure everything is okay.

Can I still sleep on my back at 31 weeks pregnant?

Sleeping on your back is generally not recommended in the third trimester, as it can put pressure on your vena cava, a major vein, potentially reducing blood flow to your baby. Sleeping on your left side is best for optimal circulation and comfort.

Is it safe to have sex at 31 weeks pregnant?

For most women, sex is safe throughout pregnancy, including at 31 weeks, unless your doctor advises otherwise due to complications like placenta previa or preterm labor risk. If you’re unsure, ask your provider.

Can I start breastfeeding classes now?

Absolutely! Many parents-to-be find it helpful to learn about breastfeeding techniques and newborn care in the final trimester. These classes can help you feel more confident and prepared after birth.

Should I be worried about Braxton Hicks contractions?

Braxton Hicks contractions are normal "practice contractions" that help your body prepare for labor. They’re irregular, mild, and often go away with rest or hydration. If contractions become regular, stronger, or painful, contact your doctor, as it may indicate preterm labor.

How do I know if I have depression during pregnancy?

If you’re feeling persistently sad, overwhelmed, or anxious, or if you have trouble sleeping, concentrating, or enjoying daily activities, talk to your provider. They can help assess your mental health and provide the necessary support or resources.